The Anthropocene extinction

Note: Please post only extinction event comments below.

The Sixth Extinction

There have been five major extinctions in the earth’s history and twenty lesser extinction events. They are all cataloged by Wikipedia here:

Extinction events

And here, below, are all the extinction events since the KT extinction.

The event 2 million years ago was, of course, the start of the ice ages. However, there is some who say that it was ushered in with an asteroid impact.

Pliocene-Pleistocene boundary: did Eltanin asteroid kickstart the ice ages?

I am not prepared to comment one way or the other on this bit of news. However, their explanation for the Quaternary extinction event is interesting. There were three events which they say the causes were unknown but may indicate climate change or overhunting. Really now? Let’s look at the first two dates.

640,000 years ago. This is the exact date that geologists and volcanologists estimate the Yellowstone supervolcano erupted.

74,000 years ago. This is the exact date that geologists and volcanologists estimate the Toba supervolcano erupted.

One would think that if there were two spikes in the extinction rate at the exact same time two super volcanos erupted, that they just might put two and two together and figure out that these two supervolcano eruptions had something to do with it. The Toba eruption almost wiped out the human population leaving, by some estimates, less than 10,000 humans alive.

And now the extinction event of 13,000 years ago has been explained. It was actually 12,900 years ago. It is all explained in this Nova presentation The Last Extinction . An extraterrestrial meteorite or asteroid impact was the culprit. Thanks to GoneFishing for the link.

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Carrying Capacity, Overshoot and Species Extinction

Notice: Please limit your comments below to the subject matter of this post only. There is a petroleum post above this one for all petroleum and natural gas posts and a non-petroleum post below this one for comments on all other matters.

First, let us define carrying capacity and overshoot. And none has done that better than Paul Chefurka.

Carrying Capacity: Carrying capacity is a well-known ecological term that has an obvious and fairly intuitive meaning: “the maximum population size of a species that the environment can sustain indefinitely, given the food, habitat, water and other necessities available in the environment”.  Unfortunately, that definition becomes more nebulous the closer you look at it – especially when we start talking about the planetary carrying capacity for humans.  Ecologists claim that our numbers have already surpassed the carrying capacity of the planet, while others (notably economists and politicians…) claim we are nowhere near it yet!

Overshoot: When a population surpasses its carrying capacity it enters a condition known as overshoot.  Because carrying capacity is defined as the maximum population that an environment can maintain indefinitely, overshoot must by definition be temporary.  Populations always decline to (or below) the carrying capacity.  How long they stay in overshoot depends on how many stored resources there are to support their inflated numbers.  Resources may be food, but they may also be any resource that helps maintain their numbers.  For humans one of the primary resources is energy, whether it is tapped as flows (sunlight, wind, biomass) or stocks (coal, oil, gas, uranium etc.).  A species usually enters overshoot when it taps a particularly rich but exhaustible stock of a resource.  Like oil, for instance…

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